When you visit this website, information may be stored in “Cookies” files placed in the browser of your device (computer, tablet, or mobile phone). This page is intended to help you understand what a cookie is, what it does, and how you can accept or refuse those that are not essential for the operation and management of the site.

What is a cookie?

A cookie is a small text file containing a small amount of information (such as an identifier in the form of a number, a session ID for example, a language preference, a code to protect your browsing, the name of the server that placed it, and possibly an expiration date). This file may be temporarily stored on your device’s hard drive during your visit to a website via your web browser, subject to your choices regarding non-essential cookies. Cookies are managed by your internet browser, and the user can view them by right-clicking on the webpage and selecting “Inspect.”

Only the issuer of a cookie can modify the information it contains. A cookie can either be a session cookie or a permanent (or persistent) cookie.

A session cookie only lasts for the duration of the browsing session and is deleted when the browser is closed. A permanent cookie is installed for a specific period of time. This type of cookie remains on the device until it expires or is manually deleted from the computer through the browser settings or extensions.

The cookie does not personally identify you but only the browser on your device. Some cookies require your prior consent before being installed on your device.

What are cookies used for?

The different types of cookies

Essential Cookies

These are cookies placed exclusively by the website publisher. They are crucial for navigating the site. These cookies cannot be disabled or adjusted, as doing so might prevent access to the site, its services, and/or affect its display. They enable you to use the main features of the site and secure your connection. Therefore, the placement of these cookies does not require your prior consent. Their lifespan usually does not exceed the duration of the session.

These cookies are necessary for the functioning of the site. The placement of these cookies does not require your prior consent. These cookies allow:

• To establish anonymous statistics on site traffic and the use of various site elements, allowing the publisher to manage and improve the site.
• To adapt the site’s presentation to your device’s display preferences (language used, display resolution, operating system, etc.) during your visits, according to the hardware and software used by your device.

This site uses the web analytics tool Matomo (formerly Piwik), which complies with GDPR specifications. The Matomo tool may place several cookies with lifespans ranging from the duration of the session or a few minutes to 11 months.

Functional cookies placed:

Name	Service provided	Purpose	Retention period
FGT Server		Security and content delivery	1 hour
_pk_ses	Traffic statistics; MATOMO (Piwik)	Session	30 minutes
_pk_id	Traffic statistics; MATOMO (Piwik)	Statistics of pages viewed by the user	11 months
_pk_testcookie	Traffic statistics; MATOMO (Piwik)	Checks if the browser accepts cookies	Session
MATOMO_SESSID	Traffic statistics; MATOMO (Piwik)	Security	Session

Third-Party Cookies Some sites may include third-party applications that can place “social,” advertising, targeting, and tracking cookies. In particular, the services:

• Consent or refusal to place cookies via the Axeptio tool, provided by the French company Agilitation, which manages cookies.
• Content viewing by hosts like YouTube, Dailymotion, etc., for videos.
• Information sharing on social networks that allow you to share site content with others or inform them of your visit or opinion regarding content on our site.

Cookies placed by these third parties may remember the pages and websites you have visited and can collect personal data such as IP addresses and share them with third parties. These cookies, in particular, enable advertising networks to present targeted and personalized ads. Their lifespan varies, ranging from the duration of the session or a few minutes to several years. This site has no control over the processes used by content hosts and social networks to collect information about your browsing and associate it with the personal data they hold. You can manage the placement of these cookies. To view certain content, you may need to accept these third-party cookies in advance.

How to manage placed cookies?

Cookies that are not exclusively intended to enable or facilitate electronic communication or are not strictly necessary for providing an online communication service at the user’s express request require the user’s prior consent.

Trackers whose purpose is limited to the anonymous measurement of site or application audience, to meet various needs necessary for the functioning and routine administration of a website, are not subject to consent.

To manage placed cookies, you have several complementary options :

• Accept or refuse non-essential or non-functional cookies using the certified consent tool Axeptio provided. A “Cookie Management” widget allows you to accept or refuse cookies requiring consent, particularly those from third-party companies. The widget provides information on the purposes of these cookies and a link to their privacy policy via a “?”
• Exercise your choices with third-party companies by consulting their privacy policies. You will find information on usage purposes, including advertising, and the browsing information they may collect through the available application buttons on the site, allowing you to configure your accounts to accept or refuse trackers placed by these companies.
• Control cookies using your browser settings. Most of these trackers can be disabled by configuring your browser to accept only trackers from visited sites (refusing “third-party sites,” checking the “Do Not Track” option on most browsers) in your browser preferences. In “Private Browsing” mode, cookies will only disappear upon closing the browsing windows on the site.

How to configure browsers?

Browser settings

To manage cookies according to your preferences, we recommend configuring your browser considering the purpose of the cookies :

• The internet browser can be set to alert you before a cookie is installed.
• The browser can also be configured to reject all types of cookies or only third-party cookies.
• Any cookies already installed on the computer can be deleted.
• Each browser must be configured separately to refuse cookies.

Disable/Delete Cookies on Your Browser

For Internet Explorer™ :
Manage cookies in Microsoft Edge: View, allow, block, delete and use – Microsoft Support

For Safari™ :
Clear cookies in Safari on Mac – Apple Support (IE)

For Safari™mobile :
Clear the history, cache, and cookies from Safari on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch – Apple Support

For Chrome™ :
Delete, allow and manage cookies in Chrome – Computer – Google Chrome Help

For Firefox™ :
Enhanced Tracking Protection in Firefox for desktop | Firefox Help (mozilla.org)

For Opera™ :
Web preferences – Opera Help

For Microsoft Edge™ :
Microsoft Edge, browsing data, and privacy – Microsoft Support

Use cookie and tracker blockers through browser extensions such as:

• Privacy Badger de l’Electronic Frontier Foundation for Edge, Chrome, Fierfox, Opera, Firefox sur Android https://privacybadger.org/
• EditThisCookie for Chrome and Opera browsers http://www.editthiscookie.com/

Note: Blocking essential or functional cookies may disrupt your browsing experience and limit the services offered.

Manage advertising cookies from certain advertisers on professional platforms and Google:

• http://www.networkadvertising.org/choices/(NAI)
• YourOnlineChoices.eu – Your ad choices (EDAA)
• Advertising – Privacy & Terms – Google

Disable social media cookies:

• Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/policies/cookies/
• X : How cookies are used on X | X Help
• LinkedIn : http://www.linkedin.com/legal/cookie-policy

Configuring your smartphone:

For iOS™ : Clear the history, cache and cookies from Safari on your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch – Apple Support (UK)

For Android™ : Clear cache & cookies – Computer – Google Account Help

Other browsers: For more information on managing cookies through other browsers, please consult your documentation or online help files.

You can also visit the CNIL website to learn how to configure your browser to control cookie deposits on your device:
Homepage | CNIL

Have questions about cookies on this site?

For any questions about the cookie management policy, contact the CNRS Data Protection Officer :
By email : dpd.demandes@cnrs.fr